The preservation of cranial nerve function is a fundamental goal of surgery. Monitoring cranial nerves includes the recording of multiple channels of free-run and triggered EMG responses during certain procedures where facial nerve may be at risk for injury. Posterior fossa tumors Vestibular neurectomy Mastoid and temporal bone procedures Parotidectomies
Cortical Mapping evaluates brain function through evoked electrical response application or by recording physiological responses immediately pursuant to direct brain stimulation. This modality delineates brain anatomy despite normal variations present in each patient, enabling surgeons to precisely locate the area of concern while avoiding nearby brain structures. Bromedicon employs several different methods during functional mapping. […]
DBS
By adminBromedicon, Inc. provides intraoperative neurophysiological mapping of the DBS trajectories for movement disorder interventions. The role of the neurophysiology team is multifaceted and includes: testing IONM equipment functionality providing situational feedback (ways of setting up the room for instance) assessing, recording, and documenting with the surgeon the microelectrode live waveforms estimating true location based on […]
DSEP
By adminDSEP stimulates root specific dermatomes (skin areas) via patch electrodes and recordings are made from scalp electrodes. Dermatomal responses provide sensory nerve root information through amplitude and latency measurements. This allows specific dermatomes to be compared at baseline and at other times during the procedure to detect any improvements. Dermatomes can be useful during posterior […]
ECOG
By adminECoG, also referred to as Intracranial EEG (iEEG) or Subdural EEG (sdEEG), intraoperatively records potentials from the cortical surface. It is used as part of an evaluation for epilepsy surgery, where electrodes may be placed near the surface of the brain. Depth electrodes may also be placed into brain structures which are common epileptic foci […]
BAEP
By adminBAEP are sensory responses produced when the brain processes or transmits auditory stimuli. Like the evoked responses tracked by the SSEP modality, these impulses are minute and commonly lost in background electrical activity. Scores of signals are gathered from sterile subdermal needle electrodes in the scalp and averaged while filtering out background electrical activity. Response […]
EEG
By adminEEG/ICU – Electroencephalography in Intensive Care Units. EEG/ICU is used for brain function monitoring of non-convulsive seizures, non-convulsive status epilepticus, and anesthesia effects in medically induced coma patients. For example, treatment of refractory seizures or increased intracranial pressure and secondary brain damage in conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage. EEG/CSA – Electroencephalography with a Compressed Spectral […]
TCD
By adminUsed during certain vascular procedures to monitor cerebral blood flow. TCD works by insonating specific extracranial and intracranial arteries implemented in the various procedures including: Carotid Endarterectomies Cardiovascular Surgery Detection of cerebral Artery emboli Detection of vasospasm
EMG
By adminEMG infers specific nerve function by recording electrical impulses in upper and lower extremity muscles. Continuous Free-Run EMG detects compound muscle action potentials immediately pursuant to associated nerve root irritation or damage. Through nerve root stimulation or other irritation due to, for example, incorrect pedicle screw placement, triggered EMG produces a Compound Muscle Action Potential, […]
TCMEP
By admin December 23, 2016When corticospinal tracts are stimulated, the stimulation descends the spinal cord and Motor Evoked Responses are detectable. TCMEPs may take the form of transcranial MEPs, in which electrical impulses evoked by cranial stimulation are recorded in nerves or extremity musculature. The latter mode monitors anterior cord integrity. This modality also may take the form of […]
